Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also referred to as chronic renal disease, is a progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years. All individuals with a Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months are classified as having chronic kidney disease, irrespective of the presence or absence of…
What is Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis usually known as hardening of the arteries, atherosclerosis refers to the conditions that result from the deposition of fatty deposits along the inner walls of arteries. These deposits, along with resulting inflammatory action by the immune system, lead to narrowing and eventual blockage of the affected artery. This blockage interrupts the…
What is Thrombosis? Thrombosis is the formation of a mass of aggregated blood factors (a thrombus, or blood clot); coagulation of the blood. Specifically, this refers to the formation of a blood clot that blocks a blood vessel. Etiology: 1. Endothelial Cell Damage: The intrinsic pathway is triggered when collagen is exposed to blood. Since endothelial…
What is TIA and its cause? A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is caused by a temporary state of reduced blood flow in a portion of the brain. This is most frequently caused by tiny blood clots that temporarily occlude a portion of the brain. A primary blood supply to the brain is through two arteries…
IntroductionThe ulnar nerve is derived from the C8 and T1 nerve roots. It is a terminal branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus. In the midportion of the arm, it passes from the anterior to the posterior part of the arm, piercing the intermuscular septum approximately 10 cm above the medial epicondyle. The…
