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Official Description

Radiologic examination, knee, arthrography, radiological supervision and interpretation

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Radiologic examination of the knee, specifically arthrography, involves the use of imaging techniques to visualize the internal structures of the knee joint. This procedure is conducted under radiological supervision, ensuring that the images captured are of high quality and accurately represent the anatomy and any potential abnormalities within the joint. During arthrography, a radiopaque contrast material is injected into the knee joint to enhance the visibility of the joint's internal features on the radiographic images. The process begins with the preparation of the injection site, which includes cleansing the skin and administering a local anesthetic to minimize discomfort. A needle is then carefully inserted into the joint space, allowing for the aspiration of any existing fluid, followed by the injection of the contrast agent. This agent is typically distributed throughout the joint by having the patient perform specific movements, which aids in achieving comprehensive imaging. After the contrast material has been adequately dispersed, radiographic images are taken to provide a detailed view of the knee joint's condition. The procedure concludes with a formal interpretation of the images, which is documented and reported as part of the overall examination. The CPT® Code 73580 is used to represent the entire process, including the radiological supervision and the interpretation of the findings.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Radiologic examination, specifically knee arthrography, is indicated for various clinical scenarios where detailed visualization of the knee joint is necessary. The following conditions may warrant this procedure:

  • Joint Pain Persistent or unexplained pain in the knee that may be due to internal derangements or structural abnormalities.
  • Joint Swelling Swelling that may indicate the presence of effusion, tears, or other pathological conditions within the joint.
  • Injury Assessment Evaluation of knee injuries, particularly those involving ligaments, cartilage, or menisci, to determine the extent of damage.
  • Pre-Surgical Planning Providing detailed anatomical information prior to surgical interventions, such as arthroscopy or joint replacement.

2. Procedure

The procedure for knee arthrography involves several critical steps to ensure accurate imaging and patient safety. Each step is outlined as follows:

  • Step 1: Preparation The patient is positioned comfortably, and the skin over the injection site is thoroughly cleansed to reduce the risk of infection. A local anesthetic is then administered to minimize discomfort during the injection process.
  • Step 2: Aspiration A needle is carefully inserted into the knee joint space. If there is any excess fluid present, it is aspirated using a syringe. This step is crucial for clearing the joint of any fluid that may obscure the imaging results.
  • Step 3: Injection of Contrast Material Following aspiration, a radiopaque contrast agent is injected into the joint. This substance enhances the visibility of the joint structures on the radiographic images. The injection is typically performed under fluoroscopic guidance to ensure accurate placement of the needle and proper distribution of the contrast material.
  • Step 4: Joint Manipulation After the contrast material is injected, the patient is asked to perform specific movements to help distribute the contrast evenly throughout the joint. This step is essential for obtaining comprehensive images that accurately reflect the joint's anatomy.
  • Step 5: Radiographic Imaging Once the contrast has been adequately distributed, radiographic images of the knee are obtained. These images are captured under the supervision of a radiologist, who ensures that the quality of the images meets diagnostic standards.
  • Step 6: Interpretation After the imaging is completed, a formal interpretation of the radiographs is provided. This interpretation includes an assessment of the joint structures and any abnormalities that may be present, which is documented in the patient's medical record.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for knee arthrography typically involves monitoring the patient for any immediate adverse reactions to the contrast material or the anesthetic used during the procedure. Patients may be advised to rest the knee and avoid strenuous activities for a short period following the examination. It is also important to observe for any signs of infection at the injection site, such as increased redness, swelling, or discharge. Patients should be informed about potential side effects, including temporary discomfort or swelling in the knee. Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss the results of the imaging and any further management required based on the findings.

Short Descr CONTRAST X-RAY OF KNEE JOINT
Medium Descr RADIOLOGIC EXAM KNEE ARTHROGRAPHY RS&I
Long Descr Radiologic examination, knee, arthrography, radiological supervision and interpretation
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 3 - The usual payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator T-Packaged Codes
ASC Payment Indicator Packaged service/item; no separate payment made.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I4B - Imaging/procedure - other
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 226 - Other diagnostic radiology and related techniques
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
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