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Official Description

Radiologic examination, osseous survey; complete (axial and appendicular skeleton)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 77075 refers to a comprehensive radiologic examination known as an osseous survey, which encompasses both the axial and appendicular skeleton. In simpler terms, this procedure involves taking X-ray images of the entire skeletal system, including the head, spine, ribs, and limbs. The axial skeleton consists of the central core of the body, which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, while the appendicular skeleton comprises the bones of the arms and legs, including the shoulder and pelvic girdles. This complete osseous survey is typically utilized to assess the condition of the bones for various medical reasons, such as detecting abnormalities, injuries, or diseases affecting the skeletal system. It is important to note that this procedure is distinct from limited osseous studies, which focus on specific symptomatic areas. Additionally, while this code is relevant for a broad range of diagnostic purposes, it is not commonly employed for evaluating the spread of cancer, as more advanced imaging techniques like nuclear bone dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) have largely supplanted traditional X-rays for such assessments. The complete osseous survey may also be indicated in cases where there is a suspicion of child abuse or when evaluating known illnesses that could lead to bone lesions.

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1. Indications

The complete osseous survey represented by CPT® Code 77075 is indicated for various clinical scenarios where a thorough evaluation of the skeletal system is necessary. The following conditions or situations may warrant this procedure:

  • Assessment of Bone Abnormalities This procedure is performed to identify any abnormalities in the bones, which may include fractures, deformities, or other structural issues.
  • Evaluation of Suspected Disease The osseous survey can be utilized to investigate suspected diseases that may affect the bones, such as osteoporosis or osteomyelitis.
  • Investigation of Child Abuse In pediatric cases, this examination may be conducted to look for signs of child abuse, where multiple fractures or other injuries may be present.
  • Monitoring Known Illnesses The procedure may also be indicated for patients with known illnesses that could lead to bone lesions, allowing for ongoing assessment of their condition.

2. Procedure

The procedure for conducting a complete osseous survey involves several key steps to ensure comprehensive imaging of the skeletal system. The following outlines the procedural steps:

  • Preparation of the Patient The patient is positioned appropriately to facilitate optimal imaging of both the axial and appendicular skeleton. This may involve adjusting the patient's position to capture the necessary views of the skull, spine, ribs, and limbs.
  • Execution of X-ray Imaging Radiologic technologists will utilize X-ray equipment to capture images of the entire skeletal system. Multiple views may be taken to ensure that all areas of interest are adequately visualized, including frontal and lateral projections of the bones.
  • Review of Images After the X-rays are taken, the images are reviewed for clarity and completeness. Additional images may be obtained if certain areas are not adequately visualized or if further detail is required.
  • Documentation and Reporting The radiologist will interpret the images and provide a detailed report outlining any findings, abnormalities, or areas of concern observed during the examination.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for a complete osseous survey is generally minimal, as the procedure is non-invasive and does not typically require recovery time. Patients may resume normal activities immediately following the examination. However, it is essential for the healthcare provider to discuss the results of the imaging with the patient, including any necessary follow-up actions based on the findings. If any abnormalities are detected, further diagnostic testing or referrals to specialists may be recommended to address the identified issues.

Short Descr RADEX OSSEOUS SURVEY COMPL
Medium Descr RADIOLOGIC EXAMINATION OSSEOUS SURVEY COMPLETE
Long Descr Radiologic examination, osseous survey; complete (axial and appendicular skeleton)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator STV-Packaged Codes
ASC Payment Indicator Packaged service/item; no separate payment made.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I1B - Standard imaging - musculoskeletal
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 226 - Other diagnostic radiology and related techniques
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
FY X-ray taken using computed radiography technology/cassette-based imaging
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
XP Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
MA Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to service being rendered to a patient with a suspected or confirmed emergency medical condition
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
X4 Episodic/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians who provide focused care on particular types of treatment limited to a defined period and circumstance; the patient has a problem, acute or chronic, that will be treated with surgery, radiation, or some other type of generally time-limited intervention; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the orthopedic surgeon performing a knee replacement and seeing the patient through the postoperative period
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short and Medium Descriptions changed.
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
2007-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2007.
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