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Official Description

Calcium; total

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 82310 refers to the measurement of total calcium in a blood sample. Calcium is a vital mineral that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. Approximately 99% of the calcium in the human body is stored in the bones, contributing to their strength and structure. The remaining 1% of calcium circulates in the bloodstream, where it exists in two forms: ionized (free) calcium and bound calcium. Ionized calcium is the metabolically active form that is essential for numerous physiological processes, while bound calcium is attached to proteins and is considered inactive. The total calcium measurement encompasses both free and bound calcium levels in the blood, providing a comprehensive assessment of calcium status. This test is significant for screening and monitoring various medical conditions that may impact the bones, heart, nerves, kidneys, and teeth. The total calcium level is typically determined using a laboratory technique known as spectrophotometry, which quantifies the concentration of calcium in the blood sample.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The total calcium measurement is performed for several specific indications, which include:

  • Bone Disorders The test is used to evaluate conditions affecting bone health, such as osteoporosis or osteomalacia, where calcium levels may be altered.
  • Cardiac Function Total calcium levels are monitored to assess heart function, as calcium plays a critical role in cardiac muscle contraction and electrical conduction.
  • Nervous System Disorders The measurement can help in diagnosing and managing conditions that affect nerve function, as calcium is essential for neurotransmitter release and nerve impulse transmission.
  • Kidney Function Total calcium testing is important in evaluating kidney health, particularly in conditions that may lead to altered calcium metabolism or excretion.
  • Dental Health The test may be indicated for assessing conditions related to teeth and oral health, as calcium is a key component of dental structure.

2. Procedure

The procedure for measuring total calcium involves several key steps, which are outlined as follows:

  • Step 1: Sample Collection A blood sample is collected from the patient, typically via venipuncture. This involves inserting a needle into a vein, usually in the arm, to draw a sufficient volume of blood for analysis.
  • Step 2: Sample Preparation Once the blood sample is obtained, it is processed in the laboratory. This may involve centrifugation to separate the serum from the cellular components of the blood, ensuring that the measurement reflects the calcium levels in the serum.
  • Step 3: Spectrophotometric Analysis The total calcium concentration is determined using spectrophotometry, a laboratory technique that measures the absorbance of light by the calcium in the serum. This method allows for accurate quantification of both free and bound calcium levels.
  • Step 4: Result Interpretation After the analysis is complete, the results are interpreted by a qualified healthcare professional. The total calcium level is compared against established reference ranges to determine if the levels are within normal limits or indicative of a potential medical condition.

3. Post-Procedure

After the total calcium measurement procedure, there are generally no specific post-procedure care requirements for the patient. However, it is important for the healthcare provider to discuss the results with the patient, especially if the total calcium levels are abnormal. Depending on the findings, further diagnostic testing or treatment may be necessary to address any underlying conditions affecting calcium metabolism. Patients are typically advised to follow up with their healthcare provider to review the results and any recommended next steps.

Short Descr ASSAY OF CALCIUM
Medium Descr CALCIUM TOTAL
Long Descr Calcium; total
Status Code Statutory Exclusion (from MPFS, may be paid under other methodologies)
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
CLIA Waived (QW) Yes
APC Status Indicator Conditionally packaged laboratory tests
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1H - Lab tests - other (non-Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 233 - Laboratory - Chemistry and Hematology
QW Clia waived test
90 Reference (outside) laboratory: when laboratory procedures are performed by a party other than the treating or reporting physician or other qualified health care professional, the procedure may be identified by adding modifier 90 to the usual procedure number.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
91 Repeat clinical diagnostic laboratory test: in the course of treatment of the patient, it may be necessary to repeat the same laboratory test on the same day to obtain subsequent (multiple) test results. under these circumstances, the laboratory test performed can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 91. note: this modifier may not be used when tests are rerun to confirm initial results; due to testing problems with specimens or equipment; or for any other reason when a normal, one-time, reportable result is all that is required. this modifier may not be used when other code(s) describe a series of test results (eg, glucose tolerance tests, evocative/suppression testing). this modifier may only be used for laboratory test(s) performed more than once on the same day on the same patient.
AY Item or service furnished to an esrd patient that is not for the treatment of esrd
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
X2 Continuous/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians whose expertise is needed for the ongoing management of a chronic disease or a condition that needs to be managed and followed with no planned endpoint to the relationship; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to: a rheumatologist taking care of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis longitudinally but not providing general primary care services
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
Q4 Service for ordering/referring physician qualifies as a service exemption
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
95 Synchronous telemedicine service rendered via a real-time interactive audio and video telecommunications system: synchronous telemedicine service is defined as a real-time interaction between a physician or other qualified health care professional and a patient who is located at a distant site from the physician or other qualified health care professional. the totality of the communication of information exchanged between the physician or other qualified health care professional and the patient during the course of the synchronous telemedicine service must be of an amount and nature that would be sufficient to meet the key components and/or requirements of the same service when rendered via a face-to-face interaction. modifier 95 may only be appended to the services listed in appendix p. appendix p is the list of cpt codes for services that are typically performed face-to-face, but may be rendered via a real-time (synchronous) interactive audio and video telecommunications system.
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
Q3 Live kidney donor surgery and related services
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QJ Services/items provided to a prisoner or patient in state or local custody, however the state or local government, as applicable, meets the requirements in 42 cfr 411.4 (b)
QP Documentation is on file showing that the laboratory test(s) was ordered individually or ordered as a cpt-recognized panel other than automated profile codes 80002-80019, g0058, g0059, and g0060.
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
SA Nurse practitioner rendering service in collaboration with a physician
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XP Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner
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Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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