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Official Description

Removal of corneal epithelium; with or without chemocauterization (abrasion, curettage)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 65435 involves the removal of the corneal epithelium, which is the outermost layer of the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye. This procedure can be performed with or without the use of chemocauterization, which is a technique that uses chemicals to destroy tissue. The primary goal of this procedure is to eliminate diseased, eroded, damaged, or dystrophied epithelial tissue that may be affecting the health and function of the cornea. During the procedure, the physician utilizes either abrasion or curettage techniques to carefully remove the soft epithelial layer. This is accomplished using specialized instruments designed for brushing or scraping, which effectively separate the epithelium from the underlying Bowman's layer, a tougher layer of tissue beneath the epithelium. In some cases, after the epithelium has been removed, a chemical agent may be applied to cauterize the newly exposed tissue, promoting healing and preventing further complications. This procedure is critical in managing various corneal conditions and is often a necessary step in restoring corneal integrity and function.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure described by CPT® Code 65435 is indicated for various conditions affecting the corneal epithelium. These include:

  • Diseased Epithelium - The removal of epithelium that has become unhealthy due to infection or other pathological processes.
  • Eroded Epithelium - Addressing areas where the epithelial layer has worn away, leading to potential exposure of underlying tissues.
  • Damaged Epithelium - Treating epithelial layers that have been compromised due to trauma or injury.
  • Dystrophied Epithelium - Managing conditions where the epithelial layer has developed abnormal growths or changes in structure.

2. Procedure

The procedure for the removal of corneal epithelium involves several key steps, which are detailed as follows:

  • Step 1: Preparation - The patient is positioned comfortably, and the eye is prepared for the procedure. Anesthesia may be administered to ensure patient comfort during the removal process.
  • Step 2: Removal of Epithelium - The physician uses a brushing or scraping instrument to carefully remove the corneal epithelium. This step is crucial as it separates the soft epithelial layer from the underlying Bowman's layer, ensuring that the removal is thorough and precise.
  • Step 3: Chemocauterization (if applicable) - Following the removal of the epithelium, a chemical agent may be applied to the exposed underlying tissue. This step is intended to cauterize the area, promoting healing and reducing the risk of complications.
  • Step 4: Post-Procedure Assessment - After the procedure, the physician assesses the area to ensure that the removal was successful and that there are no immediate complications.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care is essential for optimal recovery. Patients may be advised to avoid rubbing or touching the eye and to follow specific instructions regarding the use of eye drops or medications to manage discomfort and promote healing. Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to monitor the healing process and to ensure that the cornea is recovering appropriately. Any signs of infection or complications should be reported to the physician immediately.

Short Descr CURETTE/TREAT CORNEA
Medium Descr RMVL CORNEAL EPITHELIUM W/WO CHEMOCAUTERIZATION
Long Descr Removal of corneal epithelium; with or without chemocauterization (abrasion, curettage)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 000 - Endoscopic or Minor Procedure
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 1 - Statutory payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Procedure or Service, Multiple Reduction Applies
ASC Payment Indicator Office-based surgical procedure added to ASC list in CY 2008 or later with MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs; payment based on MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P6C - Minor procedures - other (Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 19 - Other therapeutic procedures on eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
SG Ambulatory surgical center (asc) facility service
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
AR Physician provider services in a physician scarcity area
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
E1 Upper left, eyelid
E2 Lower left, eyelid
E3 Upper right, eyelid
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
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