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Official Description

Biopsy of conjunctiva

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 68100 refers to a biopsy of the conjunctiva, which is a critical diagnostic tool in ophthalmology. The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent mucous membrane that covers the anterior surface of the eyeball, known as the bulbar conjunctiva, and the inner surface of the eyelids, referred to as the palpebral conjunctiva. This biopsy is typically indicated when there is a visible lesion on the conjunctiva or in cases of persistent conjunctivitis that does not respond to standard treatments. Additionally, a conjunctival biopsy can be instrumental in diagnosing various systemic diseases, including sarcoidosis, ocular pemphigoid, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and amyloidosis. During the procedure, anesthetic eye drops are administered to ensure patient comfort by numbing the eye. The physician then uses forceps to grasp the conjunctiva and excises a small tissue sample with scissors. This tissue is subsequently sent to a laboratory for histological evaluation, which is reported separately. Post-procedure care includes the application of antibiotic ointment to the biopsy site and, if necessary, an eye patch to protect the area during the initial healing phase.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The biopsy of the conjunctiva, as described by CPT® Code 68100, is indicated for several specific conditions and symptoms that warrant further investigation. These include:

  • Presence of a Lesion A biopsy may be performed when there is a visible lesion on the conjunctiva that requires further evaluation to determine its nature.
  • Persistent Conjunctivitis This procedure is indicated when a patient experiences ongoing conjunctivitis that does not respond to conventional treatments, necessitating a deeper investigation into the underlying cause.
  • Systemic Diseases A conjunctival biopsy can aid in diagnosing systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis, ocular pemphigoid, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or amyloidosis, which may manifest with ocular symptoms.

2. Procedure

The procedure for a conjunctival biopsy involves several critical steps to ensure accurate tissue sampling and patient safety. The steps are as follows:

  • Anesthesia Administration The procedure begins with the instillation of anesthetic eye drops to numb the eye, ensuring that the patient remains comfortable throughout the biopsy process.
  • Tissue Grasping Once the eye is adequately anesthetized, the physician uses forceps to gently grasp the conjunctiva. This step is crucial for stabilizing the tissue and allowing for precise excision.
  • Tissue Excision A small piece of conjunctival tissue is then carefully removed using scissors. This excision must be performed with precision to obtain an adequate sample for histological evaluation while minimizing trauma to the surrounding tissue.
  • Sample Handling The excised tissue sample is sent to a laboratory for histological evaluation. This evaluation is essential for diagnosing any underlying conditions and is reported separately from the biopsy procedure.
  • Post-Procedure Care After the biopsy, antibiotic ointment is applied to the biopsy site to prevent infection. Additionally, an eye patch may be applied as needed to protect the area during the initial healing phase.

3. Post-Procedure

Following the conjunctival biopsy, patients can expect specific post-procedure care to promote healing and prevent complications. The application of antibiotic ointment to the biopsy site is crucial for minimizing the risk of infection. Patients may also be advised to wear an eye patch if necessary, which helps protect the area from irritation and injury during the recovery period. It is important for patients to follow any additional instructions provided by their healthcare provider regarding activity restrictions and signs of potential complications, such as increased redness, swelling, or discharge from the eye, which should be reported promptly.

Short Descr BIOPSY CONJUNCTIVA
Medium Descr BIOPSY CONJUNCTIVA
Long Descr Biopsy of conjunctiva
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 000 - Endoscopic or Minor Procedure
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 1 - Statutory payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Office-based surgical procedure added to ASC list in CY 2008 or later with MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs; payment based on MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P6C - Minor procedures - other (Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 18 - Diagnostic procedures on eye
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
E1 Upper left, eyelid
E2 Lower left, eyelid
E3 Upper right, eyelid
E4 Lower right, eyelid
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
SG Ambulatory surgical center (asc) facility service
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short Description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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