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Official Description

Computed tomography, lumbar spine; without contrast material, followed by contrast material(s) and further sections

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Computed tomography (CT) of the lumbar spine is a diagnostic imaging procedure that utilizes advanced X-ray technology to create detailed images of the lower back region. This procedure involves the use of multiple, narrow X-ray beams that rotate around a single axis, capturing a series of two-dimensional images from various angles. The resulting images provide a comprehensive view of the lumbar spine, allowing for the assessment of its structure and any potential abnormalities. In this specific procedure, referred to by CPT® Code 72133, the imaging is performed initially without the use of contrast material, followed by the administration of contrast agents to enhance the visibility of the spinal structures. The contrast material, typically an iodine-based dye, helps to delineate the anatomy more clearly, making it easier for healthcare professionals to identify issues such as bone diseases, fractures, injuries, or congenital defects in the spine, particularly in pediatric patients. The CT scanner captures thin, cross-sectional slices of the lumbar spine, which can be digitally reconstructed into three-dimensional models for further analysis. This comprehensive imaging technique is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in patients presenting with lumbar spine-related symptoms.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Computed tomography of the lumbar spine, specifically CPT® Code 72133, is indicated for various clinical scenarios where detailed imaging of the lower back is necessary. The following conditions may warrant this procedure:

  • Bone Disease The procedure is performed to evaluate suspected bone diseases affecting the lumbar spine, which may include conditions such as osteoporosis or tumors.
  • Fractures It is indicated for assessing potential fractures or other injuries to the lumbar vertebrae, particularly in patients who have experienced trauma or have symptoms suggestive of a fracture.
  • Congenital Defects The imaging is also utilized to investigate congenital defects of the spine, especially in pediatric patients, to ensure proper diagnosis and management.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 72133 involves several key steps to ensure accurate imaging of the lumbar spine:

  • Initial Imaging Without Contrast The patient is positioned on the CT scanner table, and initial images of the lumbar spine are obtained without the use of contrast material. This step allows for a baseline assessment of the spinal structures.
  • Administration of Contrast Material After the initial imaging, contrast material is administered to enhance the visibility of the lumbar spine. This may involve intravenous injection of an iodine-based contrast agent, which helps to highlight the vascular structures and any abnormalities present.
  • Further Imaging With Contrast Following the administration of the contrast material, additional images are taken to provide a more detailed view of the lumbar spine. This step is crucial for identifying any issues that may not have been visible in the initial images.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the CT scan, patients may be monitored for any immediate reactions to the contrast material, particularly if it was administered intravenously. It is important for healthcare providers to review the images obtained during the procedure to assess for any abnormalities or conditions that require further intervention. Patients may be advised to drink plenty of fluids to help flush the contrast material from their system. Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss the results and any necessary treatment plans based on the findings from the imaging study.

Short Descr CT LUMBAR SPINE W/O & W/DYE
Medium Descr CT LUMBAR SPINE W/O & W/CONTRAST MATERIAL
Long Descr Computed tomography, lumbar spine; without contrast material, followed by contrast material(s) and further sections
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 4 - Special payment adjustment rules on the technical component (TC) of multiple diagnostic imaging procedures apply...
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 88 -
APC Status Indicator Codes That May Be Paid Through a Composite APC
ASC Payment Indicator Radiology service paid separately when provided integral to a surgical procedure on ASC list; payment based on OPPS relative payment weight.
Type of Service (TOS) 4 - Diagnostic Radiology
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) I2B - Advanced imaging - CAT/CT/CTA: other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 180 - Other CT scan

This is a primary code that can be used with these additional add-on codes.

0722T Add On Code MPFS Status: Carrier Priced APC S Quantitative computed tomography (CT) tissue characterization, including interpretation and report, obtained with concurrent CT examination of any structure contained in the concurrently acquired diagnostic imaging dataset (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
X5 Diagnostic services requested by another clinician: for reporting services by a clinician who furnishes care to the patient only as requested by another clinician or subsequent and related services requested by another clinician; this modifier is reported for patient relationships that may not be adequately captured by the above alternative categories; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the radiologist's interpretation of an imaging study requested by another clinician
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
77 Repeat procedure by another physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a basic procedure or service was repeated by another physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 77 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
CT Computed tomography services furnished using equipment that does not meet each of the attributes of the national electrical manufacturers association (nema) xr-29-2013 standard
GA Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
MA Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to service being rendered to a patient with a suspected or confirmed emergency medical condition
MC Ordering professional is not required to consult a clinical decision support mechanism due to the significant hardship exception of electronic health record or clinical decision support mechanism vendor issues
ME The order for this service adheres to appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
MF The order for this service does not adhere to the appropriate use criteria in the clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
MG The order for this service does not have applicable appropriate use criteria in the qualified clinical decision support mechanism consulted by the ordering professional
MH Unknown if ordering professional consulted a clinical decision support mechanism for this service, related information was not provided to the furnishing professional or provider
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
QQ Ordering professional consulted a qualified clinical decision support mechanism for this service and the related data was provided to the furnishing professional
X4 Episodic/focused services: for reporting services by clinicians who provide focused care on particular types of treatment limited to a defined period and circumstance; the patient has a problem, acute or chronic, that will be treated with surgery, radiation, or some other type of generally time-limited intervention; reporting clinician service examples include but are not limited to, the orthopedic surgeon performing a knee replacement and seeing the patient through the postoperative period
XP Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2003-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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