Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
CaseConsultant
Instant Email Coding Consultant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot

Official Description

Needle electromyography; hemidiaphragm

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Needle electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure that assesses the electrical activity of muscles and the function of the nerves that control them. Specifically, CPT® Code 95866 refers to the performance of needle EMG on the hemidiaphragm, which is one half of the diaphragm muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. This procedure is crucial for evaluating the functionality of the hemidiaphragm, which plays a vital role in respiration. The evaluation can help identify neuromuscular disorders affecting the diaphragm, such as phrenic nerve injury or diaphragm paralysis. Additionally, needle EMG may be utilized intraoperatively during surgical procedures involving the diaphragm to monitor its function in real-time. During the procedure, a specialized EMG electrode is carefully inserted through the skin and abdominal layers into the diaphragm, allowing for the recording of electrical responses while the patient breathes and holds their breath. The physician then analyzes these recordings and compiles a comprehensive written report detailing the findings, which is essential for further clinical decision-making.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Needle electromyography of the hemidiaphragm is indicated for various clinical scenarios where assessment of diaphragm function is necessary. The following conditions may warrant this procedure:

  • Phrenic Nerve Injury This condition may result from trauma, surgical complications, or neurological diseases, leading to diaphragm dysfunction.
  • Diaphragm Paralysis This may occur due to various causes, including neurological disorders or post-surgical complications, necessitating evaluation of diaphragm activity.
  • Respiratory Distress In patients experiencing unexplained respiratory issues, needle EMG can help determine if diaphragm dysfunction is contributing to their symptoms.
  • Intraoperative Monitoring During surgical procedures involving the diaphragm, needle EMG may be used to monitor the function of the hemidiaphragm in real-time.

2. Procedure

The procedure for needle electromyography of the hemidiaphragm involves several critical steps to ensure accurate assessment and safety for the patient.

  • Step 1: Patient Preparation The patient is positioned comfortably, typically in a supine position, to allow easy access to the diaphragm area. The physician explains the procedure to the patient, addressing any concerns and obtaining informed consent.
  • Step 2: Site Identification The physician identifies the appropriate insertion site for the EMG electrode, which is typically located under the 8th, 9th, or 10th rib cartilage. This is done through palpation and may involve imaging guidance to ensure accuracy.
  • Step 3: Electrode Insertion A sterile needle electrode is then advanced through the skin, abdominal fascia, and abdominal wall muscles into the costal insertion of the diaphragm. Care is taken to minimize discomfort and avoid injury to surrounding structures.
  • Step 4: Recording Electrical Activity Once the electrode is in place, the physician records the electrical responses of the diaphragm while the patient breathes normally and holds their breath. This step is crucial for assessing the diaphragm's function during different respiratory phases.
  • Step 5: Data Analysis After the recordings are completed, the physician reviews the EMG data, analyzing the electrical activity patterns to determine the health and functionality of the hemidiaphragm.
  • Step 6: Reporting Findings Finally, the physician compiles a written report detailing the findings from the EMG study, which is essential for guiding further clinical management and treatment decisions.

3. Post-Procedure

After the needle electromyography of the hemidiaphragm, the patient may experience mild discomfort or soreness at the insertion site, which typically resolves quickly. The physician may provide specific post-procedure care instructions, including monitoring for any unusual symptoms such as excessive bleeding or signs of infection. Patients are usually advised to avoid strenuous activities for a short period following the procedure. The results of the EMG study will be discussed with the patient during a follow-up appointment, where the physician will explain the findings and any necessary next steps in their care plan.

Short Descr NEEDLE EMG HEMIDIAPHRAGM
Medium Descr NEEDLE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY HEMIDIAPHRAGM
Long Descr Needle electromyography; hemidiaphragm
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 3 - The usual payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator STV-Packaged Codes
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T1E - Lab tests - glucose
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 7 - Other diagnostic nervous system procedures

This is a primary code that can be used with these additional add-on codes.

95940 Addon Code Resequenced Code MPFS Status: Active Code APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring in the operating room, one on one monitoring requiring personal attendance, each 15 minutes (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
95941 Addon Code Resequenced Code MPFS Status: Not valid for Medicare purposes APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring, from outside the operating room (remote or nearby) or for monitoring of more than one case while in the operating room, per hour (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
G0453 Add-on Code Medicare Coverage: Carrier Priced MPFS Status: Active Code APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring, from outside the operating room (remote or nearby), per patient, (attention directed exclusively to one patient) each 15 minutes (list in addition to primary procedure)
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
99 Multiple modifiers: under certain circumstances 2 or more modifiers may be necessary to completely delineate a service. in such situations modifier 99 should be added to the basic procedure, and other applicable modifiers may be listed as part of the description of the service.
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
PO Excepted service provided at an off-campus, outpatient, provider-based department of a hospital
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short Description changed.
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
2006-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2006.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"