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Official Description

Needle electromyography; cranial nerve supplied muscle(s), unilateral

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Needle electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure utilized to assess the functionality of muscles and nerves that are innervated by cranial nerves. This procedure specifically targets cranial nerve supplied muscles, which include a variety of cranial nerves such as CN III (Oculomotor), CN IV (Trochlear), CN V (Trigeminal), CN VI (Abducens), CN VII (Facial), CN IX (Glossopharyngeal), CN X (Vagus), CN XI (Spinal), and CN XII (Hypoglossal). During the EMG, a specialized needle electrode is carefully inserted through the skin and into the muscle that is being evaluated. This allows for the recording of electrical activity and responses from the muscle, which are crucial for determining the health and function of both the muscle and the associated nerve. After the procedure, the physician analyzes the recorded data and compiles a comprehensive written report detailing the findings. It is important to note that CPT® Code 95867 is specifically designated for use when the EMG is conducted on one of the paired cranial nerves on a single side of the body, while CPT® Code 95868 should be used when both paired cranial nerves are assessed.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The needle electromyography (EMG) procedure is indicated for the evaluation of muscle and nerve function in patients presenting with various neuromuscular symptoms. The following conditions may warrant the use of this diagnostic tool:

  • Muscle Weakness - Patients exhibiting unexplained muscle weakness may require EMG to determine the underlying cause related to cranial nerve dysfunction.
  • Facial Asymmetry - Individuals with facial asymmetry or drooping may be assessed to evaluate the function of the facial nerve (CN VII).
  • Neuropathies - Patients suspected of having cranial nerve neuropathies may undergo EMG to assess nerve integrity and muscle response.
  • Movement Disorders - Conditions affecting movement, such as tremors or spasms, may necessitate EMG to evaluate the associated cranial nerves.

2. Procedure

The needle electromyography procedure involves several critical steps to ensure accurate assessment of cranial nerve function:

  • Preparation - The patient is positioned comfortably, and the skin over the targeted muscle is cleaned to minimize the risk of infection. The physician explains the procedure to the patient to alleviate any anxiety and ensure cooperation.
  • Needle Insertion - A sterile needle electrode is carefully inserted through the skin and into the muscle that is innervated by the cranial nerve being tested. The physician may use anatomical landmarks to accurately locate the muscle and ensure proper placement of the electrode.
  • Recording Electrical Activity - Once the needle is in place, the physician will record the electrical activity of the muscle at rest and during contraction. This may involve asking the patient to perform specific movements to elicit muscle responses.
  • Data Analysis - The recorded electrical signals are analyzed for abnormalities that may indicate nerve or muscle dysfunction. The physician interprets the data in real-time, assessing the quality and characteristics of the muscle responses.
  • Documentation - After completing the EMG, the physician compiles a detailed written report summarizing the findings, which may include any abnormalities detected and their potential implications for the patient's health.

3. Post-Procedure

Following the needle electromyography procedure, patients may experience mild discomfort or soreness at the insertion site, which typically resolves quickly. It is advisable for patients to rest the affected area and avoid strenuous activities for a short period. The physician will provide specific post-procedure care instructions, including any signs of complications to watch for, such as excessive swelling or persistent pain. The results of the EMG will be discussed with the patient during a follow-up appointment, where further management or treatment options may be considered based on the findings.

Short Descr NDL EMG CRANIAL NRV MUSC UNI
Medium Descr NEEDLE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY CRANIAL NRV MUSCLE UNI
Long Descr Needle electromyography; cranial nerve supplied muscle(s), unilateral
Status Code Active Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 1 - Diagnostic Tests for Radiology Services
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Procedure or Service, Not Discounted when Multiple
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P6C - Minor procedures - other (Medicare fee schedule)
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 7 - Other diagnostic nervous system procedures

This is a primary code that can be used with these additional add-on codes.

95940 Addon Code Resequenced Code MPFS Status: Active Code APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring in the operating room, one on one monitoring requiring personal attendance, each 15 minutes (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
95941 Addon Code Resequenced Code MPFS Status: Not valid for Medicare purposes APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring, from outside the operating room (remote or nearby) or for monitoring of more than one case while in the operating room, per hour (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
G0453 Add-on Code Medicare Coverage: Carrier Priced MPFS Status: Active Code APC N Continuous intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring, from outside the operating room (remote or nearby), per patient, (attention directed exclusively to one patient) each 15 minutes (list in addition to primary procedure)
26 Professional component: certain procedures are a combination of a physician or other qualified health care professional component and a technical component. when the physician or other qualified health care professional component is reported separately, the service may be identified by adding modifier 26 to the usual procedure number.
GZ Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GY Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit
KX Requirements specified in the medical policy have been met
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q5 Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
TC Technical component; under certain circumstances, a charge may be made for the technical component alone; under those circumstances the technical component charge is identified by adding modifier 'tc' to the usual procedure number; technical component charges are institutional charges and not billed separately by physicians; however, portable x-ray suppliers only bill for technical component and should utilize modifier tc; the charge data from portable x-ray suppliers will then be used to build customary and prevailing profiles
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short Description changed.
2003-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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