ICD 10 CM C81.0 | Description & Clinical Information
ICD 10 C81.0 describes a specific subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma, known as nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), which is an extremely rare form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, responsible for supporting the immune system and maintaining fluid balance by returning interstitial fluid back to the bloodstream.
Official Description Of C81.0
The ICD 10 CM book defines ICD 10 code C81.0 as:
Excludes1: personal history of Hodgkin lymphoma (Z85.71)
When To Use C81.0
The diagnosis described by the ICD 10 CM C81.0 code pertains to nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). This particular form of Hodgkin lymphoma is differentiated from classic HL by the presence of unique lymphocytes that resemble popcorn when viewed under a microscope, as well as fewer Reed-Sternberg cells. Additionally, NLPHL typically affects only one or two lymph node groups, making diagnosis easier as these are easily felt during a routine physical exam.
The primary symptom of NLPHL is painless enlargement of lymph nodes, which are found close to the skin rather than deep within the body. However, less common symptoms of NLPHL include B symptoms such as relapsing fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss. The diagnosis of NLPHL is made based on the patient’s history and physical examination, including the presence of symptoms, followed by diagnostic procedures such as lymph node biopsy for analysis of the peculiar-shaped lymph cells, CBC blood chemistries, antibody tests, and imaging studies.
Lymph node biopsy is the cornerstone of NLPHL diagnosis, as it enables doctors to analyze the unique cell population that characterizes this form of Hodgkin lymphoma. Furthermore, blood tests may be necessary to assess kidney and liver function, as well as antibody tests to check for hepatitis. Imaging studies such as CT or MRI may also be performed to pinpoint the location of the lymph nodes and evaluate the level of involvement of deep lymph nodes, kidneys, liver, and spleen.
Treatment of NLPHL depends on the stage and extent of lymph node involvement, as well as the presence or absence of B symptoms. For patients with early-stage NLPHL without B symptoms, surgery to remove lymph nodes may be sufficient. Radiotherapy may be carried out to address the removal of the lymph nodes, while patients with advanced-stage or B symptoms may require chemotherapy. However, treatment approaches may vary from patient to patient.
In summary, NLPHL is a unique form of Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of peculiar-shaped lymphocytes, fewer Reed-Sternberg cells, and a tendency to affect only one or two lymph node groups. Prompt diagnosis facilitated by physical examination and biopsy, followed by appropriate treatment, is critical to obtaining a successful outcome for patients with this form of Hodgkin lymphoma.
