Diseases Due To Nematodes – Definitions & ICD 11 Codes

Angiostrongyliasis

Definition of Angiostrongyliasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Angiostrongylus. This disease commonly presents with fever, headache, stiffness of the neck and back, tingling or painful feelings in the skin, nausea and vomiting, or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is by ingestion of larvae in contaminated food.

ICD 11 Code For Angiostrongyliasis

1F60  Angiostrongyliasis

1F60.0 Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Definition of Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis: A disease of the meninges caused by an infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis. This disease is characterised by fever, headache, stiffness of the neck, nausea, vomiting, muscular weakness, or paraesthesia. This disease may also present with abscesses, cerebral oedema, haemorrhage, diplopia, ataxia, or blindness. Transmission is by ingestion of infected undercooked snails, slugs, or transport hosts (such as frogs, fresh water shrimp, or land crabs). Confirmation is by identification of Angiostrongylus cantonensis from a cerebrospinal fluid sample, blood sample, or from a food history.

1F60.1 Intestinal angiostrongyliasis

Definition of Intestinal angiostrongyliasis: A disease of the intestines caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Angiostrongylus costaricensis. This disease is characterised by abdominal pain, fever, nausea, or vomiting. This disease may also present with intestinal obstruction or perforation. Transmission is by ingestion of infected undercooked slugs, or food contaminated by infected slugs or their slime. Confirmation is by identification of Angiostrongylus costaricensis from a cerebrospinal fluid sample, blood sample or from a food history.

1F60.Y Other specified angiostrongyliasis

1F60.Z Angiostrongyliasis unspecified

Anisakiasis

Definition of Anisakiasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Anisakis. This disease presents with severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or a hypersensitivity reaction. Transmission is by ingestion of undercooked contaminated fish or squid. Confirmation is by a history of consumption of undercooked fish or squid, or identification of Anisakis in the intestines or in a vomit sample.

ICD 11 Code For Anisakiasis

  1F61  Anisakiasis

Inclusions:

• Infection due to Anisakis larvae

Ascariasis

Definition of Ascariasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Ascaris lumbricoides. This disease presents with symptoms depending on the extent of the infection, ranging from asymptomatic to intestinal blockage. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route from the ingestion of Ascaris eggs in contaminated food or water. Confirmation is by identification of Ascaris eggs in a faecal sample.

ICD 11 Code For Ascariasis

  1F62  Ascariasis

Capillariasis

ICD 11 Code For Capillariasis

  1F63  Capillariasis

Coded Elsewhere:

• Capillariasis due to Capillaria hepatica (DB90.0)

1F63.0 Capillariasis of the intestine

Definition of Capillariasis of the intestine: A condition caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Capillaria philippinensis. This condition is characterised by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, or weight loss. Transmission is by ingestion of infected undercooked fish, or autoinfection. Confirmation is by identification of Capillaria phillippinensis in a tissue biopsy of the small intestines or faecal sample.

Exclusions:

• Capillariasis due to Capillaria hepatica (DB90.0)

1F63.Y Other specified capillariasis

1F63.Z Capillariasis unspecified

Dracunculiasis

Definition of Dracunculiasis: A disease resulting from drinking water contaminated with water fleas infected with larvae of the nematode Dracunculus medinensis. It may take up to a year from ingestion of larvae for a mature gravid female worm to migrate to the skin and discharge immature larvae on contact with water. Dracunculiasis typically manifests as an intensely pruritic papule on a lower extremity from which part of the worm may emerge. Secondary pyogenic infection is common. This may be preceded by generalised symptoms such as fever, pruritus, urticaria and oedema.

ICD 11 Code For Dracunculiasis

  1F64  Dracunculiasis

Inclusions:

• Guinea worm infestation

Enterobiasis

Definition of Enterobiasis: A disease of the intestine, caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Enterobius. This disease is characterised by inflammation of the anus, pruritus, rectal pain, or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route or airborne transmission of the eggs from the parasitic worm. Confirmation is by identification of Enterobius eggs around the perianal region.

ICD 11 Code For Enterobiasis

  1F65  Enterobiasis

Inclusions:

• Pinworm infection
• Threadworm infection
• Oxyuriasis

Filariasis

Definition of Filariasis: Infections with nematodes of the superfamily Filarioidea; presence of living worms in the body is mainly asymptomatic but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous inflammation and permanent fibrosis; organisms of the genus Elaeophora infect wild elk and domestic sheep causing ischaemic necrosis of the brain, blindness, and dermatosis of the face.

ICD 11 Code For Filariasis

  1F66  Filariasis

Exclusions:

• Onchocerciasis (1F6A)

1F66.0 Loiasis

Definition of Loiasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Loa loa. This disease is characterised by Calabar swellings found anywhere on the body (commonly found near joints). This disease may also present with generalised itching, muscle pain, joint pain, fatigue or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is through the bite of an infected fly (genus Chrysops). Confirmation is by identification of adult Loa loa in the skin or eye, Loa loa microfilariae in a blood sample obtained in the day (1000 – 1400), or detection of antibodies against Loa loa in a blood sample.

Inclusions:

• Eye worm disease of Africa
• Loa loa infestation
• Calabar swelling

1F66.1 Mansonelliasis

Definition of Mansonelliasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Mansonella. This disease is characterised by pruritus, dermal pigmentary changes, fever, or lymphadenopathy, or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is through the bite of an infected midge (genus Culicoides) or blackfly (genus Simulium). Confirmation is by identification of Mansonella microfilariae in a skin or blood sample.

1F66.2 Filariasis due to Brugia species

Coded Elsewhere:

• Filariasis due to Brugia timori (1F66.32)
• Filariasis due to Brugia malayi (1F66.31)

1F66.3 Lymphatic filariasis

Definition of Lymphatic filariasis: Infestation by filarial nematodes of the genera Wuchereria and Brugii. It is acquired via transcutaneous injection of larvae by mosquitoes previously infested with microfilariae from the blood of a human host. The adult worms live in the lymphatics but release microfilariae into the bloodstream to complete the life cycle of the parasite. Clinical disease occurs in only a minority of those infected. In the acute stage this may present as an acute painful adenolymphangitis with fever. Chronic infestation causes progressive obstruction of lymphatic vessels and can result in disfiguring lymphoedema (elephantiasis), particularly of the genitalia and lower extremities.

Exclusions:

• Lymphoedema due to lymphatic filariasis (BD93.13)

1F66.30 Filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti

Definition of Filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti: This is a parasitic disease (usually an infectious tropical disease) that is caused by thread-like nematodes (roundworms) belonging to the superfamily Filarioidea, also known as “filariae”.

Inclusions:

• Bancroftian filariasis

1F66.31 Filariasis due to Brugia malayi

Definition of Filariasis due to Brugia malayi: This is a parasitic disease (usually an infectious tropical disease) that is caused by thread-like nematodes (roundworms) belonging to the superfamily Filarioidea, also known as “filariae”. This diagnosis is due to a nematode (roundworm), one of the three causative agents of lymphatic filariasis in humans.

1F66.32 Filariasis due to Brugia timori

Definition of Filariasis due to Brugia timori: This is a parasitic disease (usually an infectious tropical disease) that is caused by thread-like nematodes (roundworms) belonging to the superfamily Filarioidea, also known as “filariae”. This diagnosis is due to a human filarial parasitic nematode (roundworm) which causes the disease “Timor filariasis.”

1F66.3Z Lymphatic filariasis unspecified

1F66.4 Subcutaneous dirofilariasis

Definition of Subcutaneous dirofilariasis: Subcutaneous dirofilariasis normally results from the transmission of microfilariae of Dirofilaria repens from the latter’s natural animal host to man via a mosquito bite. The adult worm cannot develop fully in man but typically manifests as a subcutaneous nodule, commonly located on or around the eyelids.

1F66.Y Other specified filariasis

1F66.Z Filariasis unspecified

Gnathostomiasis

Definition of Gnathostomiasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Gnathostoma. This disease is characterised by painful, itchy swelling under the skin from movement of the parasite under the skin. This disease may also initially present with fever, lethargy, abdominal pain, vomiting, or diarrhoea, and may infect other parts of the body (lungs, bladder, eyes, ears, nervous system). Transmission is commonly by ingestion of undercooked contaminated freshwater fish, eels, frogs, birds, or reptiles, or ingestion of contaminated water. Confirmation is commonly by detection of antibodies against Gnathostoma, identification of migratory skin lesions, eosinophilia, and history of potential exposure.

ICD 11 Code For Gnathostomiasis

  1F67  Gnathostomiasis

Inclusions:

• Wandering swelling

Hookworm diseases

Definition of Hookworm diseases: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Ancylostoma. This disease is characterised by pruritus at the site of larval penetration. In mild infections, this disease may be asymptomatic; in moderate to severe infections, this disease may present with cough, pharyngeal irritation during larval migration in airways, iron-deficiency anaemia, abdominal pain, nausea, bloody diarrhoea, fatigue, or delayed development (mental or physical). Transmission is by direct contact with larvae from soil or sand contaminated with dog or cat faeces (by percutaneous migration of larvae), ingestion of larvae, or vertical transmission. Confirmation is by identification of Ancylostoma in a faecal sample.

ICD 11 Code For Hookworm diseases

  1F68  Hookworm diseases

Inclusions:

• Hook-worm infestation by Ancylostoma

Coded Elsewhere:

• Eosinophilic enteritis due to Ancylostoma (1F9Z)

1F68.0 Ancylostomiasis

Definition of Ancylostomiasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic hookworm Ancylostoma duodenale. This disease is characterised by pruritus at the site of larval penetration. In mild infections, this disease may be asymptomatic; in moderate to severe infections, this disease may present with cough, pharyngeal irritation during larval migration in airways, iron-deficiency anaemia, abdominal pain, nausea, bloody diarrhoea, fatigue, or delayed development (mental or physical). Transmission is by direct contact with larvae from soil or sand contaminated with dog or cat faeces (by percutaneous migration of larvae), ingestion of larvae, or vertical transmission. Confirmation is by identification of Ancylostoma duodenale in a faecal sample.

1F68.1 Necatoriasis

Definition of Necatoriasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Necator americanus. This disease is characterised by pruritus at the site of larval penetration. In mild infections, this disease may be asymptomatic; in moderate to severe infections, this disease may present with cough, pharyngeal irritation during larval migration in airways, iron-deficiency anaemia, abdominal pain, nausea, arthralgia, or delayed development (mental or physical). Transmission is by direct contact with larvae from soil or sand contaminated with dog or cat faeces (by percutaneous migration of larvae). Confirmation is by identification of Necator americanus in a faecal sample.

Inclusions:

• Infection due to Necator americanus

1F68.2 Cutaneous larva migrans

Definition of Cutaneous larva migrans: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm larvae, commonly Ancylostoma braziliense, A. caninum, or Uncinaria stenocephala. This disease is characterised by intense pruritus and erythematous, serpiginous lesions due to migration of parasitic larvae in the upper dermis where the larvae penetrate the skin. Transmission is by direct contact with larvae from soil or sand contaminated with dog or cat faeces (by percutaneous migration of larvae).

Oesophagostomiasis

Definition of Oesophagostomiasis: This refers to an inflammation of small intestine caused by infection due to a nematode called Oesophagostomum bifurcum.

ICD 11 Code For Oesophagostomiasis

  1F69  Oesophagostomiasis

Onchocerciasis

Definition of Onchocerciasis: Any condition caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. These conditions are characterised by the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules filled with adult worms, pruritus, long-term corneal inflammation (keratitis), or thickening of the corneal stroma. If untreated, these infections will lead to blindness. Transmission is through the bite of an infected Simulium fly.

ICD 11 Code For Onchocerciasis

  1F6A  Onchocerciasis

1F6A.0 Onchocerciasis of the eye

Definition of Onchocerciasis of the eye: A disease of the eye, caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. This disease is characterised by transient punctate keratitis, or potentially blinding conditions (such as sclerosing keratitis, iridocyclitis, or optic atrophy). Transmission is through the bite of an infected Simulium fly. Confirmation is by identification of Onchocerca volvulus from the anterior chamber of the eye.

Inclusions:

• Ocular onchocerciasis

1F6A.1 Onchocerciasis of the skin

Definition of Onchocerciasis of the skin: A disease of the skin, caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. This disease is characterised by subcutaneous nodules on the skin (commonly affecting the iliac crests, ribs, knees, or trochanters). Transmission is through the bite of an infected Simulium fly. Confirmation is by identification of Onchocerca volvulus in a skin sample.

Inclusions:

• Cutaneous onchocerciasis

1F6A.Y Other specified onchocerciasis

Strongyloidiasis

Definition of Strongyloidiasis: A disease caused by the parasitic worm Strongyloides. This disease presents with symptoms depending on the site of infection (gastrointestinal tract, pulmonary system, dermis, or systemic), or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is by direct contact through penetration of the skin (generally the feet) with larvae from faecally contaminated soil, or autoinfection of an established infection. Confirmation is by identification of Strongyloides larvae in faecal samples, duodenal fluid samples, sputum, pleural fluid, or tissue samples.

ICD 11 Code For Strongyloidiasis

  1F6B  Strongyloidiasis

Exclusions:

• Trichostrongyliasis (1F6F)

Syngamosis

Definition of Syngamosis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Mammomonogamus. This disease is characterised by chronic nonproductive cough, crawling sensation in the throat, wheezing, or difficulties breathing. Transmission may be by ingestion of adult worms or eggs in contaminated food or water. Confirmation is by identification of adult Mammomonogamus by direct visualization, or identification of Mammomonogamus eggs in sputum or faecal samples.

ICD 11 Code For Syngamosis

  1F6C  Syngamosis

Toxocariasis

Definition of Toxocariasis: A condition caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Toxocara. In ocular infections, this condition is characterised by vision loss or inflammation of the eye; in visceral infections, this condition is characterised by fever, coughing, enlarged liver, or pneumonia. This condition may also be asymptomatic. Transmission is by the faecal-oral route through the ingestion of food, water, or soil that contains Toxocara eggs (contaminated by faeces from an infected dog or cat). Confirmation is by detection of antibodies against Toxocara in a blood sample.

ICD 11 Code For Toxocariasis

  1F6D  Toxocariasis

Inclusions:

• Toxocara infestation

Trichinosis

Definition of Trichinosis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Trichinella. This disease is characterised by fever, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, fatigue, or abdominal discomfort. This disease may also present with headache, chills, cough, swelling of the face and eyes, or aching joints and muscle pains. Transmission is by ingestion of contaminated meat. Confirmation is by detection of antibodies against Trichinella in a blood sample.

ICD 11 Code For Trichinosis

  1F6E  Trichinosis

Trichostrongyliasis

Definition of Trichostrongyliasis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Trichostrongylus. This disease is characterised by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weight loss, or may be asymptomatic. Transmission is by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Confirmation is by identification of Trichostrongylus eggs in a faecal sample.

ICD 11 Code For Trichostrongyliasis

  1F6F  Trichostrongyliasis

Trichuriasis

Definition of Trichuriasis: A disease of the small intestine, caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Trichuris trichiura. This disease is commonly asymptomatic. This disease may also present with painful diarrhoea (containing a mixture of mucus, water, or blood). Transmission is by the faecal-oral route. Confirmation is by identification of Trichuris trichiura eggs in a faecal sample.

ICD 11 Code For Trichuriasis

  1F6G  Trichuriasis

Inclusions:

• Trichocephaliasis

Uncinariosis

Definition of Uncinariosis: A disease caused by an infection with the parasitic worm Uncinaria stenocephala. This disease is characterised by pruritus at the site of larval penetration. In mild infections, this disease may be asymptomatic; in moderate to severe infections, this disease may present with cough, pharyngeal irritation during larval migration in airways, iron-deficiency anaemia, abdominal pain, nausea, arthralgia, or delayed development (mental or physical). Transmission is by direct contact with larvae from soil or sand contaminated with dog or cat faeces (by percutaneous migration of larvae). Confirmation is by identification of Uncinaria stenocephala in a faecal sample.

ICD 11 Code For Uncinariosis

  1F6H  Uncinariosis

Other specified diseases due to nematodes

ICD 11 Code For Other specified diseases due to nematodes

  1F6Y  Other specified diseases due to nematodes

Diseases due to nematodes unspecified

ICD 11 Code For Diseases due to nematodes unspecified

  1F6Z  Diseases due to nematodes unspecified